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Scientists Explain Why Taxing Mental Work Wears You Out_我的网站

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原标题:中方:原子能机构总干事不要火中取栗,为美英澳背书中国常驻维也纳联合国代表团网站13日消息,9月12日,国际原子能机构九月理事会在维也纳召开。机构总干事格罗西首次就美英澳核潜艇合作(AUKUS)问题向理事会首次提交书面报告。    A team of scientists has discovered a likely explanation for why one may feel exhausted after engaging in intense cognitive work.,In their study, published in the Current Biology last week, the researchers argue that intense cognitive work, when it lasts for several hours, results in the buildup of potentially toxic byproducts in the prefrontal cortex part of the human brain, which then affects a person’s behavior.,“Influential theories suggested that fatigue is a sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more gratifying activity,” Mathias Pessiglione of Pitié-Salpêtrière University in Paris, said as quoted in a news release by Cell Press. “But our findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional alteration—accumulation of noxious substances—so fatigue would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose: to preserve the integrity of brain functioning.”,During the course of their research, the team employed magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor the brain chemistry of two groups of people during a workday, with one group performing easy cognitive tasks while the other engaged in more complex mental activities.,Only the latter group ended up exhibiting signs of fatigue, as well as a tendency to favor “options proposing rewards at short delay with little effort,” as the news release put it.,AmericasChild Survives After 7 Minutes Without Blood Flow to Brain During Surgery, US Cardiologist Reveals11 August, 16:41 GMT,Furthermore, members of that group had higher levels of glutamate in the synapses of the prefrontal cortex, leading the researchers to suggest that the accumulation of glutamate “makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly,” and thus a mentally exhaustive workday makes cognitive control more difficult.,Unfortunately, there seems to be no fancy way to deal with this problem other than the tried and tested method that is probably as old as history itself.,“I would employ good old recipes: rest and sleep!” Pessiglione remarked. “There is good evidence that glutamate is eliminated from synapses during sleep.”。

B | 中国常驻维也纳联合国代表团发言人就总干事上述报告接受中外记者采访,呼吁总干事勿火中取栗,为三国的核扩散行径背书。发言人表示,总干事在成员国多次呼吁下,首次就美英澳核潜艇合作问题提交了书面报告,就程序而言,这是正确的一步。但同时,该报告片面引述三国为自身行为辩解的言论,绝口不提国际社会对三国核潜艇合作存在核扩散风险的重大关切,无视很多国家关于三国合作违反《不扩散核武器条约》(NPT)目的和宗旨的严正立场;该报告缺乏正当的法律依据,逾越责权作出与实际情况南辕北辙的误导性结论。这已违反总干事的相关职责。发言人指出,第一,总干事不能凌驾于成员国之上,开展未经成员国授权的活动。

C | 机构相关文件已对秘书处及总干事的职责做出明确规定,总干事不能以任何理由凌驾于作为主权国家的成员国之上,其应该、也只能按照成员国的授权行事。第二,总干事不能介入核扩散和推进军事目的的活动。三国核潜艇合作是核武器国家首次公然向无核武器国家扩散核武器材料。机构是防扩散机构,不能变成核扩散机构,搞核扩散的事儿总干事“沾不得”。

D | 如果为三国核扩散的合法性背书,将直接违反NPT和机构《规约》。第三,总干事不能沦为三国政治工具,作出误导性结论。总干事在缺乏正当法律依据、缺乏成员国授权的情况下,擅自处理三国核潜艇合作这一核扩散行为,甚至在三国尚未申报有关核材料和核活动的情况下,就已作出其核潜艇合作适用全面保障监督协定“例外条款”等一系列结论。这既不合规,也不合法,十分荒唐。第四,总干事不能割裂机构全面保障监督协定与NPT的从属关系。NPT明确禁止任何形式的核扩散活动,而总干事报告抛开NPT援引全面保障监督协定“例外条款”,以此豁免三国核扩散行径,从程序上、实质上和法理上都是行不通的,否则,保障监督体系将沦为核扩散行径的“保护伞”。发言人最后强调,中方敦促三国立即停止相关核扩散行径;呼吁总干事下步就三国核潜艇合作问题作出公正、客观的报告,不要南辕北辙,更不要火中取栗,为三国的核扩散行径背书。中方并呼吁机构全体成员国继续在中方提出、理事会四次协商一致达成议题下讨论AUKUS问题,包括讨论总干事报告,共同维护国际防扩散体系。来源|中国常驻维也纳联合国代表团网站返回搜狐,查看更多责任编辑:

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